Dopamine Receptor Oligomerization Visualized in Living Cells

Oligomerization of dopamine transporters visualized in living cells by fluorescence resonance energy transfer microscopy.

To examine the oligomeric state and trafficking of the dopamine transporter (DAT) in different compartments of living cells, human DAT was fused to yellow (YFP) or cyan fluorescent protein (CFP). YFP-DAT and CFP-DAT were transiently and stably expressed in porcine aortic endothelial (PAE) cells, human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cells, and an immortalized dopaminergic cell line 1RB3AN27. Fluores...

Ligand-dependent oligomerization of dopamine D(2) and adenosine A(2A) receptors in living neuronal cells.

Adenosine A(2A) and dopamine D(2) receptors (A(2A) and D(2)) associate in homo- and heteromeric complexes in the striatum, providing a structural basis for their mutual antagonism. At the cellular level, the portion of receptors engaging in homo- and heteromers, as well as the effect of persistent receptor activation or antagonism on the cell oligomer repertoire, are largely unknown. We have us...

ACCELERATED COMMUNICATION Ligand-Dependent Oligomerization of Dopamine D2 and Adenosine A2A Receptors in Living Neuronal Cells

Adenosine A2A and dopamine D2 receptors (A2A and D2) associate in homoand heteromeric complexes in the striatum, providing a structural basis for their mutual antagonism. At the cellular level, the portion of receptors engaging in homoand heteromers, as well as the effect of persistent receptor activation or antagonism on the cell oligomer repertoire, are largely unknown. We have used bimolecul...

Ligand-Dependant Oligomerization of Dopamine D2 and Adenosine A2A Receptors in Living Neuronal Cells

Coordinated traffic of Grb2 and Ras during epidermal growth factor receptor endocytosis visualized in living cells.

Activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) triggers multiple signaling pathways and rapid endocytosis of the epidermal growth factor (EGF)-receptor complexes. To directly visualize the compartmentalization of molecules involved in the major signaling cascade, activation of Ras GTPase, we constructed fusions of Grb2, Shc, H-Ras, and K-Ras with enhanced cyan fluorescent protein (CF...